NFPA 13 is the industry standard on all matters related with sprinkler systems in the USA, and the first version was published over a century ago in 1896. It is important to note, however, that state and municipal authorities often introduce additional requirements. For example, fire sprinkler systems in NYC must also meet local amendments to NFPA 13, along with additional...

Who in a construction project prepares the BOQ?   The engineering firm in charge of design frequently assumes the responsibility of preparing the Bill of Quantities, which is typically prepared by a cost consultant or quantity surveyor. This way, a neutral party decides the scope and amount of work, and bidding contractors compete on an equal basis. BOQs are frequently created internally...